https://www.cnblogs.com/houchen/p/13128563.html

1、导入依赖

<!--导入配置文件处理器 配置文件进行绑定就会有提示-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!--spring boot 的单元测试 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

2、创建要进行属性注入的配置类

package com.atguigu.controller.bean;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author houChen
 * @date 2020/6/14 22:36
 * @Description:
 */
/**
 * ConfigurationProperties:
 * 将配置文件中每一个属性的值，都映射到这个组件中
 * @ConfigurationProperties ： 告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性 和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定
 *  prefix = "person" ==》指定类中的属性和配置文件中哪个下面的属性进行一一配置
 *
 *  配置类必须是容器中的组件
 */

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {
    private String lastName;
    private Integer age;
    private Boolean boss;

    private Map<String,Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "lastName='" + lastName + '\\\\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", boss=" + boss +
                ", maps=" + maps +
                ", lists=" + lists +
                ", dog=" + dog +
                '}';
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Boolean getBoss() {
        return boss;
    }

    public void setBoss(Boolean boss) {
        this.boss = boss;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
        return maps;
    }

    public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
        this.maps = maps;
    }

    public List<Object> getLists() {
        return lists;
    }

    public void setLists(List<Object> lists) {
        this.lists = lists;
    }

    public Dog getDog() {
        return dog;
    }

    public void setDog(Dog dog) {
        this.dog = dog;
    }
}

package com.atguigu.controller.bean;

/**
 * @author houChen
 * @date 2020/6/14 22:38
 * @Description:
 */
public class Dog {

    private String name;
    private Integer age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

3、在yml中编写配置

person:
  last-name: zhangsan
  age: 19
  boss: false
  birth: 2018/12/12
  maps: {k1: v1,k2: v2}
  lists:
    - lisi
    - wangwu
  dog:
    name: uzi
    age: 20

4、在Person类上，按住 ctrl+shift+t ==> 快速创建 Person的测试类

/**
 * @author houChen
 * @date 2020/6/14 23:36
 * @Description: Spring Boot的单元测试
 *
 * 可以在测试期间很方便的 类似编码一样进行自动注入等功能
 */
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class PersonTest {

    @Autowired
    Person person;

    @Test
    public void testPerson(){
        System.out.println(person);
    }

}

5、结果